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The "scramble for Africa" refers to the rapid and contentious moves by European nations in the late 19th century. Many of them established colonies in Africa by taking over or conquering the existing tribal nations, often warring among themselves in the process. This colonial competition was only reluctantly and incompletely undone by reinstating independence during the last half of the 20th century.
The existing tribal cultures were altered, often irrevocably, by contact with the technology, weapons, religions, and government forms of the more advanced Europeans. Arbitrary borders and boundaries often included hostile tribes that were brought into competition or conflict. Fighting with or against the colonial powers created new animosities.
European codes of dress were adopted by those in contact with the colonial rulers. Agricultural development and urban areas reflected their European forms, and industries, especially mining, were developed on a larger scale than was possible without industrial technology.
Tribal religions, many based on natural or traditional beliefs, were supplanted by Western religions (Catholicism, Protestant faiths), and also by contact with Eastern religions (Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism) which many Africans had never encountered.
One of the long-term consequences has been to make much of Africa dependent on aid from outside, because the colonial infrastructure did not provide a workable transition to autonomic rule.
The Scramble for Africa was a period during the New Imperialism period where the continent of Africa was invaded occupied and colonized by the major European powers.
a race to claim territory in africa
the scramble for Africa
The “scramble for Africa”
Africa, in the colonization frenzy known as the Scramble for Africa (1881-1914).