A proposed law in Congress is called a bill.
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Amendments are proposed by a two-thirds vote from Congress. An amendment can also be proposed by a convention called by Congress, if two-thirds of the states request it.
Edmund Randolph of Virginia first proposed the idea of a bicameral Congress, or two-house system; during his time, it was called The Connecticut Compromise.
aearn more about the pros and cons of adopting a new law.
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A president can veto a bill that the congress passes and sends to him for his signature and he can refuse to sign it (vetoing it). But the president cannot override vetos. The congress can override president's veto by a 2/3 vote.