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In short, states do not have equal representation through equal membership within the United States House of Representatives. The House of Representatives uses proportional representation (based on each state's population, as a percentage of the total US population).

Pursuant to Article I, Section 2, subsection 3 of the Constitution of the United States, "[r]epresentatives and direct [t]axes shall be apportioned among the several [s]tates ... according to their respective [n]umbers ..." In other words, the greater the number of persons residing within a given state, the greater the number of representatives that state is given within the House of Representatives.

This same subsection to the U.S. Constitution provides that an "[e]numeration shall be made ... within every subsequent [t]erm of ten [y]ears ..." In other words, in order to determine how many representatives each state is entitled, there shall be a census conducted every ten years.

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