Yes the president has a clearance. It is called need to know clearance and it is a clearance only the president has. Basically it tells that he needs to know everything (which he does). It is also the highest clearance in the United States. Well the world really he knows everything about every country at every giving day or if something comes up that may need more attention. Does that say he knows every secret America has ever hide or is hiding right now f course not. But, what gets a lot of generals out of trouble is quote "plausible deniability". Even though the president is not subjected to any classification secrets sometimes generals dont tell him everything. The president can walk in any DoD, government, and congressional meeting he wants to and he off he is not subjected to dismiss his security and communication abilities. Sounds cool but, the downside of this is he cannot have a secret meeting with a subjected party or organisation, meaning the meeting must either be documented by congress and have some other reference of accountability (like secret service, or an opposing comity) something that can be subjected to review if the case arises.
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No, political office holders and candidates do not have to submit for nor acquire security clearances. Why not?
I think you are asking about a "security clearance." There are three basic levels of security clearance: Confidential, Secret and Top Secret. Not every member of congress, nor even every member of the president's cabinet, has access to all of the government's most secret information: certain documents, such as war plans, might only be shared with a specific (and usually small) group of people who are on a congressional committee, or with the president's closest advisers on military affairs. But the president, as Commander in Chief and head of the executive branch, possesses the highest level of security clearance, since he needs total access to all information, whether classified or not, in order to do his job.
President
There is no educational requirement in the US Constitution for a person to be president.
The President, the Vice President, the Cabinet Secretaries (Defense, State, Homeland Security, etc.) and a plethora of agencies and departments. They are charged with carrying out the laws enacted by the Legislative Branch (Congress).
The vice president of the US is the president of the US senate.