In colonial America, or perhaps better said the British-American colonies in North America, were people who believed the taxation problem created in England was overbearing for the Colonies. This prominent area in the British Empire had no representatives in the British parliament. A group of people lead by the colonies' most wealthy and influential men agreed that they could create an independent nation, apart from the British empire. What ensued was a revolutionary war, and yes the fighting soldier was a common man but men with commonsense who agreed that the colonies could survive quite well without the British. Revolutions are dangerous undertakings. Any "leader" of the fight to rid the colonies of the British were committing treason. As an aside, the ge old slogan comes into play. "Treason doth never prosper, for if it did, then none dare call it treason".
The "patriots" were the common and wealthy and middle class people who fought the British. Another often used name was the "Sons of Liberty "
Most of the those names are lost in history but the leaders, such people who placed their signatures on the Declaration of Independence in 1776 can be listed here. There were 56 "signers". Also the delegates that ratified the US Constitution can be considered patriots. Many of the names have lived on over the past 230 years. Other names of prominence were writers, local politicians, business men and women and lawyers.
Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, John Hancock, George Washington, Nathan Hale, Patrick Henry, Benedict Arnold (later to become a traitor to the Revolution ) Samuel Adams, John Jay, James Madison, John Adams, Aaron Burr, Alexander Hamilton, James Monroe, George Mason, Paul Revere,
Richard Montgomery, Thomas Paine, Richard Henry Lee, Robert Livingston, Roger Sherman, and Francis Marion,
The list is longer then this of course.
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The American patriots wanted to break away from England because of the lack of representation. The government that was formed made that the rights of all people would be protected.
Their enemies were the Patriots, the Patriots were the colonists. A group of people who fought for the thirteen colonies. The Loyalists thought of them as untrained soldiers, and they were correct. From an Americans point of view a Loyalist was a traitor who turned against the colonists to go with the British government.