It's simply a matter of calling it something else. Military Action can be called for by a president in response to virtually anything.
Its up to congress to approve of the military action if it is going to require long term funding or diplomatic statements of cause.
The only step to calling it war after an approved military action has been sanctioned is an additional official piece of paper declaring that it is a war and presenting it to other countrys as an explanation of why you are engaged in the military action in an effort to convince them not to try and stop you.
Declaring something a war is typically only done if the scale of the engagement is so large that many other nations are threatening to become involved; in which case you want an actual declaration of war to outline for them why you are engaged and trying to convince others to either stay out or help.
If you don't care about other countrys involvement one way or the other, than there is virtually no reason to ever put the label of war on it with a declaration.
Military engagements happen fairly often, declarations of war are far less frequent.
1. In the case of "civil wars" a country cannot (or doesn't want to) declare war upon itself.
2. In the atomic age (nuclear weapons) as in the case of the Vietnam War...a declared war implies total war. Total war means using all available weapons to win the war. That means nukes. The whole purpose of the cold war was to avoid a nuclear war. So atomic weapons couldn't be used in Vietnam...so total war couldn't be used in Vietnam...so a declaration of war wasn't needed either.
The constitution limits presidents to two four-year terms in office. Apex
- undeclared war: the president can go into a country for 60 days without congress approval - executive agreements: the president can make a 'treaty' with another country without congressional permission -executive order: kind of like a law, but different
While technically the President cannot declare war without Congress, under the War Powers Resolution of 1973, the President can send troops into combat as long as he informs Congress within 48 hours of doing so . Then he has 60 days and then another 30 days for withdrawal before he has to get Congressional approval or a formal declaration of war. Congress has to approve any additional funds that an undeclared war requires.
EIsenhower was president Civil war was 1861-1865
James Madison was the president of the United States throughout the entirety of the war of 1812. He served as president from 1809-1817.
The War Powers Resolution.
Undeclared wars
The US Civil War (American Civil War) was an undeclared war and had many naval battles; are you asking about that war?
The cast of The Undeclared War - 1966 includes: Ted Yates as himself
Quasi-War
Undeclared War - 2013 is rated/received certificates of: Greece:K-13 (video rating)
Thomas Jefferson was the President during this undeclared war with the pirates of Tripoli ,also called the first Barbary War in 1801-1805.
North Vietnam.
The North won and the South lost in both undeclared wars; US Civil War & Vietnam.
The Quasi-War was an undeclared war fought almost entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800. In the United States, the conflict was sometimes referred to as the Franco-American War, the Undeclared War with France, the Pirate Wars, or the Half-War.
Treaty of Mortefontaine
American Civil War & Vietnam War.