If a state wishes to accept a federal grant-in-aid, it is required to comply with federal restrictions regarding its use. The money is to be used toward a specific project.
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Federal grants-in-aid used only for a designated activity are called categorical grants. If a state accepts a federal grant-in-aid, it must comply with federal restrictions on its use.
omg! its........the federal and state! Yeah, and the Constitution.
Only federal Courts must have judges approved by the Senate - apex
State nullification is the idea that the states can and must refuse to enforce unconstitutional federal laws.
Federal supremacy and preemption refers to the idea that all state and local laws must not conflict with federal law. If there is a conflict, the federal law is considered the supreme law and it always supersedes the state or local law. An example would be if there was no state law prohibiting the dumping of toxic waste into a river, but there are federal laws prohibiting water pollution, then the federal law would take precedence and the dumping has to be stopped and the river has to be cleaned up. The only way to effectively overcome federal supremacy is to demonstrate that the federal law is in itself unconstitutional and therefore illegal. In that case, the federal law would be struck down by the court, and the state law would be the authority.