Article I, Section 9 of the Constitution:
"The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.
The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.
No bill of attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.
No capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration herein before directed to be taken.
No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state.
No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one state over those of another: nor shall vessels bound to, or from, one state, be obliged to enter, clear or pay duties in another.
No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time.
No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States: and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state."
Note also the checks and balances that the President and the Supreme Court have on Congress.
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The Constitution limits Congress's power in multiple ways. For instance, the President can veto legislature passed by the Congress, while the Judicial branch can overturn Congress's laws by ruling them unconstitutional.
Each organ of the government checks the power of other organs,this is also called check-balance theory. Example -- legislature checks the power of executives and judiciary checks the power of legislature as well as executives.
(from pratap book)
large areas of power are denied to congress in so many words in the constitution, by its silence on many matters and because the constitution creates a federal system.
they separated the constitution into three different branches so one would not have the most power.
The Constitution limits the power of government by specifically listing powers it does and does not have.
The United States Constitution divides foreign policy powers, there are six basic ways in which Congress can originate or shape foreign policy
The elastic clause grants the U.S. Congress the authority to pass laws that are necessary to carry out its enumerated powers. The enumerated powers are found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution.
Congress was not allowed to make a law banning the slave trade before 1808.
Article V of the Constitution explains the amendment process of the Constitution, that is, how the Constitution may be amended. There are two processes for proposing amendments, either by two-thirds vote in each house of Congress or by an Article V Convention. All amendments thus far to the Constitution have been by proposal of Congress. The reason a convention to propose amendments, or Article V Convention has never been called despite the 750 applications from all 50 states, is because Congress refuses to obey the Constitution and call the convention. The Constitution mandates that if two-thirds of the state legislatures (34) apply for a convention, Congress must call it. A convention can only propose amendments to the present Constitution and is not empowered to write or propose a new or replacement Constitution. Regardless of how an amendment is proposed it must be ratified in the states either by three fourths vote in the state legislatures or by three fourths vote in state ratifying conventions. The method of ratification is by choice of Congress but Congress has no power to withhold a proposed amendment or veto it once it has been ratified. Once an amendment is ratified, it becomes part of our present Constitution.
There are only two way the US Constitution can be changed.Vote of both houses of Congress, followed by ratification by the statesCalling of a Constitutional Convention, followed by ratification by the states.