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There are many differences. The most important difference is that the UK runs on a parliamentary system whereas the US uses a presidential system. The US has a written constitution while the UK does not. The US has a clear separation of Church and State while the US does not. The structural/governmental differences could go on forever.
As for the political atmosphere and values, the two countries also differ. Although the UK has political parties with clear and distinct manifestos (equivalent of a US party's platform), the parties tend to be less antagonistic towards each other. I am mainly referring to relations between the Tories (right) and Labour (left) Maybe the US was like this once, but today is seems that parties are extremely angry with each other.
Another huge difference is that in the UK the Prime Minister has far more power than the president. Because he is part of Parliament, and there is extreme party loyalty, he can reasonably expect to pass most of the legislation he proposes.
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MaxineThere are many differences. The most obvious is the the British prime minister is the head of government, but not the head of state, like the US President is. The monarch, currently Elizabeth II, is the head of state. The British prime minister is not directly elected by the British electorate. They vote for parties and the leader of the largest party becomes the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister does have to be elected by the people, but only as an MP, not as the actual Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party, where there is not the same kind of leadership system in the case of political parties in the USA. A British Prime Minister can serve as many terms as they want, as long as they keep being elected as an MP and their party wins a general election. A British parliament and government term is a maximum of 5 years, but elections can happen at any time within that period, if the government decides to call one. There are many other differences.
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