Name two provisions that the constitution makes regarding the federal courts and their jurisdictions?

Answer 1

Both Article III, Section 2 and Amendment XIspecify federal court jurisdiction:

Article III, Section 2

"The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority;--to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls;--to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;--to controversies to which the United States shall be a party;--to controversies between two or more states;--between a state and citizens of another state;--between citizens of different states;--between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state, or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens or subjects."

Amendment XI

"The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state."

How Federal Jurisdiction is Exercised

According to Article III, Section 2 of the Constitution, the Supreme Court has original (but not necessarily exclusive) jurisdiction over the following types of cases:

1. cases affecting ambassadors, public ministers and consuls
2. cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction
3. cases where the United States is a party
4. disputes between two or more states (Supreme Court has original and exclusive jurisdiction)
5. cases between a state and citizens of another state**
6. cases between citizens of different states*
7. cases between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants made by different states and between a state, or citizens thereof and foreign states citizens and subjects

* Cases between citizens of different states may be heard either by the state courts of the person filing the case, or in federal court under "federal diversity jurisdiction."

** The Eleventh Amendment revoked the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction over disputes "between a state and citizens of another state," due to the Court's decision in Chisholm v. Georgia,(1793), in which the Jay Court decided the states lacked sovereign immunity from being sued for debt acquired during the Revolutionary War. Congress and the states rightfully feared this could bankrupt the states, and quickly passed the Eleventh Amendment.

The Supreme Court later decided the Eleventh Amendment should be extended to include disputes between a state and its own citizens

Answer 2

Article III of the constitution describes the judicial branch of the federal government.

This is Article III.

Section 1.

The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.

Section 2.

The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;--to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public ministers and Consuls;--to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction;--to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;--to Controversies between two or more States;--between a State and Citizens of another State;--between Citizens of different States;--between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.

In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make.

The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.

Section 3.

Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.

The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted.

Answer 3

There are two provisions that the constitution makes regarding the federal courts and their jurisdictions. These are the special courts and the constitutional courts.

Answer 4

1.) the constitutional courts and 2.) the special courts