The National Security Act of 1947 forbids the CIA from conducting domestic surveillance. The act was signed into law by President Harry S. Truman.
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The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was established after President Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947, which also created the National Security Council. The purpose of the CIA is to covertly obtain intelligence from foreign countries, thus the CIA is given a great deal of freedom so that they can collect the intelligence without having to expose the United States's involvement in any covert operations. In addition, in 1948 the National Security Council issued a directive known as NSC 10/2, which gave the CIA even greater freedom and discretion to conduct clandestine operations in order to obtain vital intelligence for the US government.
The Department of Homeland Security tries to protect the country from terrorist attacks and advises the president of threats it knows about. The CIA, the state department and military intelligence advise the president on threats from outside the country.
Basically, national security is the president's responsability. He has a National Security Adviser appointed by him on his White House staff. He also is Commander-in-chief of all the US armed forces, and all the security agencies like the FBI, CIA, NSA and others ultimately report to him. He can through their directors appointed and fired by him, influence the way in which they operate and prioritize.
Example of an executive agencies are: Selective Service System, National Science Foundation (NSF), General Services Administration(GSA), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA).
Workers shredded all incriminating documents in Haldeman's office. The White House, with President Nixon's consent, asked the CIA to urge the FBI to stop its investigations into the burglary on the grounds of national security. In addition, the CRP passed out nearly $450,000 to the Watergate burglars to buy their silence after they were indicted in September of 1972.