Yes.
The Articles of Confederation do not mention slavery in any way. This absence does not mean slavery was forbidden; rather, since there was no express ban of slavery under the Articles, slavery was indeed permitted in the U.S. under these statutes.
Similarly the original Constitution does not mention slavery. Rather, in Article I, section 2, clause c, slaves are indicated in the phrase "and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons." while in Article I, section 9, clause a, Congress is forbidden to an the slave trade until 1808 at the earliest. Similarly article IV, section 2, clause c, established the first fugitive slave ordinance under the new Constitution.
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Slavery was neither permitted nor prohibited in the Articles of Confederation or the U.S. Constitution. It was at the discretion of the states.
southern states would not agree to a constitution that banned slavery
Something that is not permitted by the constitution is unconstitutional and illegal.
The original US Constitution was finished on September 17, 1787. The Government began operating under the Constitution on March 4, 1789
No, it wasn't until the 19th Amendment to the Constitution in 1920 that women were granted suffrage.
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