The federal district courts. There is at least one in every state, and some populous states have more.
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The Judiciary Act of 1789
The Judiciary Act of 1789For more information, see Related Questions, below.
See the Judiciary Act of 1789. Not only did it establish the three tiered structure of the federal court system, but established the supreme court as well. It left the details of lower courts to Congress.
13 federal district courts, 3 circuit courts, and 1 supreme court
Political parties influence the federal court with presidential nominated judges, and congress and judiciary shared powers.