The division of government into the Legislative branch, the executive branch and the judicial branch is known as separation of powers. The division of American government into Federal, State and Local is known as division of powers. The principle known as "separation of powers" which is also referred to as "checks and balances" serves as testament to the brilliance and forethought of the drafters of the Constitution of the United States of America. By designing a tripartite federal government, a federal government with three, coequal branches, the drafters bequeathed to their descendants the last, best hope for government of the people, by the people, and for the people. Assuming everything works as designed, the drafters created the governmental equivalent of rock, paper scissors. However, separation of powers does not operate or emerge in a vacuum. It is the result of a multi-layered design which includes the complimentary principle known as "division of powers." Division of powers is the often overlooked principle of dividing governmental power among the federal, state, and local governments. Also, each level of government within the United States of America is comprised of an executive branch, a legislative branch, and a judicial branch. In sum, the complimentary principles known as "separation of powers" and "division of powers" operate and emerge in such a way as to prevent the concentration of too much governmental power in any one branch or at any one level. To view a transcript of the Preamble as well as Articles I through VII of the Constitution of the United States of America, a transcript of the 1st through the 10th Amendments, also known as the Bill of Rights, and a transcript of the 11th through the 27th Amendments, access the links under Related Links, below.
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The Founding Fathers wanted to guard against tyranny, so the government was divided into the branches. It was believed that each branch would "check" the other branches so that no one branch became too powerful.
They created 3 branches so not one group could gain too much power.Each branch has one way of checking each other powers this is called checks and balances.
Both constitutions divide the powers of government into three branches.
In Rome there was an obvious divide between the rich and poor, and they were represented by difference branches of government. In the US, the constitution states that everyone is equal before the law regardless of wealth. The Roman constitution had three branches: the legislative (based on the Athens democracy), the executive (based on the Spartan oligarchy) and the judidical (based on the previous monarchy) and the US constitution was a vast improvement on this.
Enlightenment philosopher, Montesquieu introduced a system of checks and balances to keep government free of tyranny. He is also responsible for the concept of a separation of power, and the three branches of government which are the centerpiece of our country.