slavery
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There were several, but I bet the one you're thinking of was slavery.
Representation in Congress
Interstate compacts were formed to settle regional issues. States have to acquire the consent of Congress in order to form a compact.
The delegates settled on a federal form of government instead of a system in which power was not divided between state and national government because they believed that it provided for a much stronger national government with a chief executive (the president), courts, and taxing powers.
Created the U.S. ConstitutionThe 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention created the U.S. Constitution. On the final day of the convention, September 17, 1787, thirty eight of them signed the Constitution. The Constitution went into effect the next year, after it was ratified by nine states. The key pieces included the checks and balances and separation of powers: * Between the federal and state governments (and later the Bill of Rights asserted individual rights) * Within the federal government powers were split between executive, legislative, and judicial branches * Within the bicameral legislative branch powers were split between the House of Representatives, in which the representatives were apportioned according to each state's population, and the Senate, in which each state would have two senators. Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the national government can levy taxes directly onto citizens and industries.