Under the U.S. Constitution, proof needed to convict a person of treason is very high. There must be either two eye witnesses to the overt act of treason or a confession by the defendant in open court.
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The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.
These are the exact words from the constitution: "Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. The Congress shall have power to declare the Punishment of treason, but no Attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person attainted." Article 3, Section 3
A simple majority which would mean 216 of the 435 votes in Congress is needed to pass a bill of impeachment and force the Senate to hold a trial. (In order to convict, two-thirds of the Senators voting must vote to convict.)
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The Justice Department tries cases of treason.