The Black Death (widely believed to have been Bubonic Plague) which reached its peak around 1348-1350 is estimated to have killed between 30% and 60% of the population of Europe.
The Hundred Years War between two of the great powers in Europe, England and France, began in 1337, coninued for the rest of the century and over half of the next century, ending in 1453.
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The 13th century refers to the 1200s. For a modern example, we are in the year 2010 but the 21st century.
John Wycliffe lived during the Reformation. He wrote doctorines that said that Christians should read the bible for themselves and that they shouldn't have to pay money to the Catholic Church to have salvation. Also was an English theologian , reformist , lay preacher,reformist and university teacher who was known as an early dissident in the Roman Catholic Church during the 14th century.