Hepburn
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Because of a long legal process and resistance from the railroads, until 1897, when Supreme Court ruled that it could not set maximum railroad rates.
The Hepburn act gave the government the power to set and limit shipping costs.
to create colleges
The federal government affects interest rates more than any other factor. They set the Fed Funds rate and the Prime rate. Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA. VA, and USDA loans are all backed or guaranteed by the federal government. Most of these loans are securitized into mortgage-backed bonds. Thus the coupon rates and performance of these bonds directly affect rates.
In 1947, the conservative Congress set out to curb the power of organized labor by passing the Taft-Hartley Act.