In a real sense, the article does not 'give' anything to the people. All rights belong to the people fundamentally. Rights that are not specifically given to the government are reserved to the people; it is understood that those rights already belong to the people.
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Right of groups refers to the provision that the constitution has provided to a certain group. Rights of individuals on the other hand refers to the rights that the constitution has granted the individuals.
Article 4 of the U.S. Constitution tells what the states can do. This article also provides a clear guideline as to the rights and responsibilities of the federal government as well.
The Constitution itself was ratified in 1787. The Bill of Rights, the 1st ten amendments to the Constitution, was added to the Constitution in 1789.
The people at the time felt that the Constitution did not fully protect the rights of the people. People were afraid that the national Government would violate their rights, and only passed the Constitution on the condition that a Bill of Rights be added right after.
Article IV of the Constitution discusses this. The article describes the states powers and limits. Also, states are required to acknowledge the legitimacy of the other states' governments. States are granted equal rights under this article. Article IV puts forth the concept of extradition, which means if you commit a crime in one state, that is the only state you can be tried for that crime in. Lastly, this article grants republican governments to all the states, or governments based on elected representation.