The US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts only review cases under their appellate jurisdiction; the US Supreme Court hears most of the cases it selects under appellate jurisdiction, but considers disputes between the states under original (trial) jurisdiction.
See the Judiciary Act of 1789. Not only did it establish the three tiered structure of the federal court system, but established the supreme court as well. It left the details of lower courts to Congress.
The Federal Court of Appeals was established to make the judicial system more efficient. Having one step between the lower courts and the Supreme Court allows the Supreme Court to address issues of national importance in a more timely manner.
The Constitution established only one federal court, the Supreme Court. It left to Congress the job of creating the federal court system. Congress has created two types of federal courts, District and Courts of Appeals . It has also enacted laws dealing with the size and function of the Supreme Court.
The highest court in the federal system is the United States Supreme Court, with nine Supreme Court Justices. The states do not share jurisdiction with the federal court, so the states courts are not a part of the federal court system. Each state decides what it calls its highest court. In Texas, there is a separate court for civil versus criminal cases.
evaluate the decisions of lower federal court
Congress
Yes, the US Court of Federal Claims has original jurisdiction over monetary claims against the federal government. While it is, technically, a "lower federal court," it is not part of the Judicial Branch, but part of the Legislative Branch.
The case must first be heard at the lowest level of court. Most states have a court system that exists in the same area as a federal magistrate court or federal district court. The case must be decided by the lower court and appealed to a higher court. In the federal system this is the circuit court. Once all the lower courts have been exhausted, the lawyers may apply to be heard by the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will determine which cases it will hear.
how did the congress create the supreme court and the lower federal courts
federal court system.
federal district court, federal court of appeals court,and the U.S. supreme court.
Appellate courts. In the federal court system, the appellate courts are the US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts and the Supreme Court of the United States (aka US Supreme Court).
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. It is the final court of appeals for all lower federal courts.
Federal Court System
In the U.S. there are two court systems, one at the federal level, and each state has its own courts. Federal cases that originated in lower courts can be appealed to higher federal courts that handle appeals. The highest court of appeals in the federal system is the United States Supreme Court. It is rare for cases to ever actually go this far. Each state is free to create its own court system, but most simply copy the federal system. Decisions by local courts may be appealed to that state's higher courts, often called a superior court or state supreme court.
The federal court system comprises the Supreme Court, circuit courts of appeal, and district courts. There are also specialized federal courts.
See the Judiciary Act of 1789. Not only did it establish the three tiered structure of the federal court system, but established the supreme court as well. It left the details of lower courts to Congress.