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General George Washington led the Continental Army and the states' militias in the war against England.
There were no states during the Revolutionary War, there were only colonies.
Wrote their own constitutions.
It was a proclamation issued by Lincoln which freed all the slaves in states which were in rebellion (that is, the Confederate states during the Civil War). Lincoln threatened to free the slaves as a way to leverage the Confederacy into rejoining the Union. The Confederates refused. Lincoln followed through on his threat. Despite what many think, the Emancipation Proclamation did not free all slaves, only those in states which had seceded. Slaves in other states had to wait until the adoption of the 13th Amendment before they received their freedom.
During that time Taney led the Supreme Court, which declared slaves to be property.