The electorate
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The overall population determines how many electoral vote each states has.
Universal suffrage (also universal adult suffrage, general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of the right to vote to adult citizens (or subjects) as a whole, though it may also mean extending said right to minors (Demeny voting) and non-citizens. Although suffrage has two necessary components, the right to vote and opportunities to vote, the term universal suffrage is associated only with the right to vote and ignores the other aspect, the frequency that an incumbent government consults the electorate. Where universal suffrage exists, the right to vote is not restricted by race, sex, belief, sexual orientation, gender identity, wealth, or social status. Historically, universal suffrage often in fact refers to universal adult male suffrage.
For the better part of the 1700s, most people did not have the right to vote. Men in England had the right to vote and that was about the extent of it.
The six year term affects how Senators vote because it makes them less subject to the pressures of public opinion and less susceptible to the pleas of special interests than are the members of the House.
The first women to vote in Britain, were in municpal elections in 1907.