Who is the establishing the obras pias?

Answer 1

I think the correct question would be: who originated obras pias?

In English it means pious works. The Spanish Friars who went with the colonizers that landed on Philippine shores in the 16th century used the idea of "work for the salvation of your souls" on the new Christian converts. They used this formula to acquire free labor

(or to be more blunt and precise - slave labor). They used this labor mostly to build churches, and fortifications to protect the colonizers against attacks from "rebels", and foreign elements who were mostly marauding pirates from neighboring islands.

This formula worked for the most part because the natives were ignorant about religion, and they were scared of "burning in the fires of hell for eternity" if they don't do as they are told.

Later on, a bank was established to handle the financial activities of the Galleon Trade, otherwise known as the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade. The name of the bank was Obras Pias.