Darius, who ruled from 521 BC to 486 BC added a new Persian province in western India. He then conquered Thrace in Europe, created the world's largest empire to that time. Contact with Greece led Darius to invade the Greek mainland. He also created an army known as the immortals because whenever a member was killed, he was immediately replaced. So what I'm trying to say is that he is was the guy who led Persia to victory and power.
At this time presian rulers raised taxes to pay for their luxuries. This angered their subjects and caused many rebellions. Also, the persian royal family fought over who was to be king. Sons were constantly plotting to take over the throne. As a result, six of the nine rulers after Darius were murdered. These problems weakend the Empire and led to its decline.
I assume you are referring to Darius the third. Darius III formed paranoia over the years, and by the time Alexander invaded, he was crazy. He suspected many of his generals of treason. For instance, when one general made a tactical retreat, Darius III suspected him of turning on his nation and had him killed. Four of the seven major generals of Persia were killed by Darius, crippling the Empire's military movement. By the time Darius III died, much of the organization had collapsed, due to his mental illness. With no organized government, the provinces of Persia governed themselves. During this period, however, there were many self proclaimed kings, such as Alexander, Bessus, Smerdis, etc. However, none actualy managed to take a hold over the Empire, only over the city they resided in. However, Persia soon recovered, and around 247 BC, the empire re-emerged under the Parthian dynasty.
By the time Cyrus took over, the Persian Empire was already well established by his predecessors Cyrus the Great and Cambyses. Darius added Thrace, Macedonia and the west of India up to the Indus River. His major expedition to capture Scythia failed - he was driven back and rescued by the Ionian Greek fleet which had guarded the crossing of the Danube River for him. His plan to incorporate mainland Greece was forestalled by his having to put down a revolt in Egypt, and he died before resurrecting that plan.
Greece wasn't a single country back in the ancient times. It was a collection of independent city-states, each with it's own government. At some point all of them had kings, and as time went on, they each evolved into systems of oligarchy or democracy. Sometimes kings were still in place, but usually they answered to a council of some kind (as the Spartans did at the time of the Persian invasion).
They responded to a call for aid from their fellow Greeks, the Ionians,who were at the time under Persian rule, The Athenians failed to free the Ionians at the time, but burned the city of Sardis to the ground. Darius was infuriated and demanded to know who has so savaged the city. "The Athenians" was the response.
Wake up. There is no' president' of a war. Wars don't have presidents. And there were no presidents in Greece or Persia. The Persian War lasted 50 years and in that time the Persian Empire was ruled by three kings - Darius I, Xerxes I amd Artaxerxes I. The 200 independent Greek city-states which combined to oppose the Persians each had their own system of elected governments headed by magistrates and with polemarchs (military leaders), none had a president, but rather magistrates except Sparta which had dual kings who were their war leaders.
Darius, who ruled from 521 BC to 486 BC added a new Persian province in western India. He then conquered Thrace in Europe, created the world's largest empire to that time. Contact with Greece led Darius to invade the Greek mainland. He also created an army known as the immortals because whenever a member was killed, he was immediately replaced. So what I'm trying to say is that he is was the guy who led Persia to victory and power.
Neither. The system was established hundreds of years earlier by the Persian king Darius of Persia. There was no Persian Empire at the time of Alexander and later the Arabs. They had differently named empires.
It stretched from Libya through the Middle East and Central Asia to today's Pakistan - about 4,000 km.
Persia was ruled first by king Darius then King Xerxes. The Greek city-states were ruled by their aristocracies.
He didn't support any religion; he had a tolerance policy regarding those he conquered and allowed them to follow any religion they chose. He did this so the people would be satisfied under his rule and not revolt. Answer2: The indications are that the kings of Medo-Persian Empire were Zoroastrians. While it cannot be proved or disproved that Cyrus the Great adhered to the teachings of Zoroaster, from the time of Darius I the inscriptions of the monarchs repeatedly refer to Ahura Madza, the principal deity of Zoroastrianism. Darius I referred to Ahura Mazda as the creator of heaven, earth and man and he looked to this god as the one who had bestowed upon him wisdom, physical skillfulness and the kingdom.
At this time presian rulers raised taxes to pay for their luxuries. This angered their subjects and caused many rebellions. Also, the persian royal family fought over who was to be king. Sons were constantly plotting to take over the throne. As a result, six of the nine rulers after Darius were murdered. These problems weakend the Empire and led to its decline.
Persian, which at the time was ruled by Afghanistan and the king was Nadir Shah.
Darius I enforced the coinage system which was adopted from Lydia (which was already conquered by Persia during that time). For more information you can look here: http://www.snible.org/coins/hn/persia.html or search "Persian coinage"
King Cyrus the Great. It was expanded by his successors King Cambyses II and King Darius I to included Libya, Egypt and today's Pakistan.
I assume you are referring to Darius the third. Darius III formed paranoia over the years, and by the time Alexander invaded, he was crazy. He suspected many of his generals of treason. For instance, when one general made a tactical retreat, Darius III suspected him of turning on his nation and had him killed. Four of the seven major generals of Persia were killed by Darius, crippling the Empire's military movement. By the time Darius III died, much of the organization had collapsed, due to his mental illness. With no organized government, the provinces of Persia governed themselves. During this period, however, there were many self proclaimed kings, such as Alexander, Bessus, Smerdis, etc. However, none actualy managed to take a hold over the Empire, only over the city they resided in. However, Persia soon recovered, and around 247 BC, the empire re-emerged under the Parthian dynasty.