The Athenians developed a Democracy where only certain classes of people could vote.
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Starting with monarch, the aristocrats took over and formed an oligarchy (rule of the few). Their oppressive, self-interested rule led to impending civil war and Solon was appointed for a year with dictatorial power to find a middle ground.
This did not last long, so a tyrant Pisistratus was appointed to re-establish a balanced government. After 40 years, a new generation forgot how bad things had been previously and expelled the tyrants.
The Oligarchs tried to grab power back, but Cleisthenes established a limited democracy including small landowners. This lasted 20 years until the Persian invasion forced the return of power to the oligarchs to run the war effort. They hung on to power after the invasion was turned back.
Twenty years later Ephialtes restored democracy, removing the oligarchs from power. They assassinated him for that but his deputy Pericles kept it going and developed it into a radical democracy where the citizens met in fortnightly assembly and made decisions which were implemented by the Council.
Most likely from H. heidelbergensis.
He never evolved. He was born a god so he stays a god.
While the Roman Empire was never a theocracy as we know it - it was not ruled by a priesthood in the name of any deity - it is also true that Roman emperors did often declare themselves to be gods, and erected shrines to themselves. That was a quasi-theocracy - much like the current government of North Korea, which has deified the current dictator, Kim Jong Il.
over billions of years through natural selection. we still don't understand it all, but (in a BROAD overview) mutations in the genetic code eventually took us from being a once celled organism (probably at the bottom of the ocean) to being a human. if you need an in depth answer, i would suggest googling for a reliable source, because the complete theory and supporting evidence would be far too long to type here. -Akilae
It is believe, origin of trade start from direct trading of good or service e.g. trading fur or working for food. Precious metal like gold or cowrie shell or gemstone that yield significant value to society came in place as direct media of trade. It would later evolve to use of other common media like coin and paper and refer its' value to gold.