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Because if the Spartans did not hold them off ( temporarily ), the Persians would have marched right on into Greece and would have defeated them entirely. Thus ending Democracy as we know it today. The time that was bought by the Spartans was used for the rest of Sparta and other Greek City States, namely Athens (Navy) to get their acts together and prepare for and all out battle or death. We'd probably be foreign slaves right now, or better yet, North America may still not even be found for all we know.

Anyway in the time of the battle of Thermopylae (480 BC), the Greeks did indeed get their acts together and the combined ships of the Navy's handed the Persian navy a crushing defeat in The Battle of Salamis. The last battle of the war was back on land, The Battle of Plataea. This time the Spartans had their army ready to battle along with Athens, Corinth, Magara and many, many other Greek City States. Persia was beaten badly and thus ending their attempt to enslave all of Greece. This brought on the forming of The Delian League in 478 BC where around 150 Greek City States united together to stop future Persian attacks.

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Q: How did the battle of thermopylae save western civilization?
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