Under Germanic Law, a wrongdoer had to pay wergild, or "money for a man,: to the family of the person he injured or killed.
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The "ordeal" in Germanic law was a means of determining guilt. This law was based on divine intervention. All ordeals iinvolved a physical trial of some sort, such as holding a red-hot iron. It was believed that divine forces would not allow an innocent person to be harmed. If the accused person was unharmed after a physical trial, or ordeal, he or she was presumed innocent. SOURCE: WORLD HISTORY TEST BOOK FROM MCGRAW HILL/GLENCO. (COPYRIGHT 2007) Page 287.
from Wikipedia : The name Tuesday derives from the Old English "Tiwesdæg" and literally means "Tiw's Day". Tiw is the Old English form of the Proto-Germanic god *Tîwaz, or t-r-2inNorse, a god of war and law.
The god was at the top then the pharaoh was under the god then the kings under them were the law enforcement under them were the scribes and under them were the citizens and finally the slaves.
1) All citizens have the right to equal treatment under law.2) A person is considered innocent until proven guilty.3) The burden of proof rests with the accuser rather than the accused.4) Any law that seems unreasonable or grossly unfair can be set aside.
Hammurabi was one king of the Babylonian Empire around 7000 BC. (I could be off on my date.) During his rule, a well known code of law was followed and ha been found and translated. We call this code of law Hammurabi's Code. This important artifact supported the idea that civilization were less nomadic and more established, that law and order existed in early civilization, and that the chronology present in the Torah and Bible are true.