The Latin language and its alphabet.
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In this pre-electronic age, it was the means of communication and recording.
All western alphabets seem to have been derived from some kind of 'picture-writing.' However I'm guessing you are looking for Egyptian Hieroglyphics although both the Hittites / Assyrians and the Meso-American civilizations also used pictographic writing.
Writing probably started as a result of political expansion in ancient civilizations. Around the 4th millennium BCE, trade and administration became too complex for memorization, so it was necessary to use a method of storing information in a permanent manner.
The Celts primarily relied on oral tradition for the transmission of their history, stories, and knowledge. They did not have a standardized writing system like the Romans or Greeks. While some Celtic cultures had primitive forms of writing, they were not widely used or developed in the same way as the written languages of other ancient civilizations.
The Etruscans contributed to Roman culture through leading urbanization and helping to develop more advanced social and political organization in the Roman Kingdom. They introduced a distinct culture is ancient Italy and a writing system. The last 3 kings of the Roman Kingdom are said to be of Etruscan descent. They also traced their line of descent through the maternal line, which is different from many other cultures who trace it through the paternal line.