Hellenistic civilization is a blend of Greek and Easter influences. Hellenism began in 323 BCE and was catalyzed by Alexander the great and the creation of his expansive empire.
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Hellenistic
Alexander the Great.
The Byzantine Empire was the eastern half of the Roman Empire that continued after the fall of the western half of the Roman Empire. The Byzantine Empire was heavily influenced by Greek and eastern elements to the point that Latin stopped being the used as the official government language and Greek was used instead. The Byzantine culture blended Greek and Oriental artistic influences to create its own unique blend and form of art and architecture.
Hellenistic culture is the blend of Greek, Middle Eastern and Asian cultures. The significance is that this blend happened after Alexander conquered the empires and countries listed above for the first time in history.
Hellenistic civilisation was the result of Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persian Empire, which included Turkey, the Middle East, Persia, Afghanistan, Pakistan west of the river Indus, Central Asia and Egypt. Hellenism refers to the spread of Greek influence in the conquered areas, rather than a blend of cultures.