satrap
The Greek coalition opposing the Persian attempt to impose peace on them selected the Salamis strait as the place to defeat the Persian fleet after earlier failing at Artemesion. The Persians wished to reliminate the Greek fleet. So it was a mutually satisfctoy arrangement, and the battle was started.
Persia invaded peninsular Greece to incorporate it within its empire in an attempt to bring peace to the Greek world and so stop Greek wars spilling over into its empire. Its force included a powerful navy which threatened the Greek cities, most of which were located on the coast. As a result of this threat, the Greek city-states kept their armies at home to defend their cities, and the Persians were able to use their army to pick off the cities one at a time. The southern Greek cities determined to destroy the Persian fleet to remove this threat, so that they could then concentrate their armies against the Persian army. They first tried to do this by blocking the pass at Thermopylai to force the Persians to bypass it with a naval outflanking move through the strait of Artemesion nearby, and the combined Greek fleet lay in wait to defeat the Persian fleet. The Greek fleet lost, so it retired to the strait at Salamis to regroup and try again. Here they defeated the Persian fleet. The result was that the Persians had to send half their army home, as they could not feed it as their resupply fleet could not supply it with the naval protection gone, and the Greeks were able to send out their armies to concentrate at Plataia the following spring with the amphibious threat to their cities gone also. The Greek coalition won the battle of Plataia, and the Persians went home.
To force a sea battle in the narrow strait adjacent. The object was to destroy the Persan flet which threatened the Grek cities, and also protected the Persian supply fleet.
The Greeks had to eliminate the Persian naval threat to their city-states in order for their armies could leave off defending them and unite to face the Persian army. They blocked the pass of Thermopylae to force the Persians to attempt to turn it by sea. The Greek fleet waited in the nearby channel to pounce. Unfortunately for them they lost the sea battle and the force of 7,000 holding Thermopylae was withdrawn. The Spartan and Thespian contingents stayed behind to cover the withdrawal and were killed. The Greeks tried again a Salamis and were succful, and their armies united the following summer to defeat the Persian army at Plataea.
satrap
satrap
india
The Greek coalition opposing the Persian attempt to impose peace on them selected the Salamis strait as the place to defeat the Persian fleet after earlier failing at Artemesion. The Persians wished to reliminate the Greek fleet. So it was a mutually satisfctoy arrangement, and the battle was started.
Persia invaded peninsular Greece to incorporate it within its empire in an attempt to bring peace to the Greek world and so stop Greek wars spilling over into its empire. Its force included a powerful navy which threatened the Greek cities, most of which were located on the coast. As a result of this threat, the Greek city-states kept their armies at home to defend their cities, and the Persians were able to use their army to pick off the cities one at a time. The southern Greek cities determined to destroy the Persian fleet to remove this threat, so that they could then concentrate their armies against the Persian army. They first tried to do this by blocking the pass at Thermopylai to force the Persians to bypass it with a naval outflanking move through the strait of Artemesion nearby, and the combined Greek fleet lay in wait to defeat the Persian fleet. The Greek fleet lost, so it retired to the strait at Salamis to regroup and try again. Here they defeated the Persian fleet. The result was that the Persians had to send half their army home, as they could not feed it as their resupply fleet could not supply it with the naval protection gone, and the Greeks were able to send out their armies to concentrate at Plataia the following spring with the amphibious threat to their cities gone also. The Greek coalition won the battle of Plataia, and the Persians went home.
The Persian fleet was not concentrated or with free manoeuvre room. It sent a major force at the passage north west of the island to prevent a Greek escape, which was not engaged in the battle and depleted the Persian naval force. In order to engage the Greek fleet, the remaining Persian ships were split in two going around each side of the island of Psyttalia, and to get through the passages they were in column rather on a broad fighting front. This enabled the Greek ships to attack them from the flanks with ramming tactics. The Persians, with larger ships, relied on closing with the enemy, using missiles and boarding. The Greeks with smaller, more agile ships, relied on ramming. The Sal;amis scenario which developed favoured the Greek tactics.
Women had no place in either Greek or Persian armies.
Yes. In coalition with their Greek allies, and led by Sparta, they had carefully planned the battle to take place in a narrow strait where the Persian navy was split in entering around both sides of the island of Psytttalia, and the Greek navies caught them as they were strung out getting through and vulnerable to flank attack. They had also conned the Persians into sending a third of their fleet around the back exit of the strait to prevent them from avoiding battle, and so the Persian fleet actually engaged was minus this important force.
To stop the Persian land advance in order to force them into a sea battle in narrow waters in the nearby strait. The Persian navy threatened the Greek cities, and these cities kept their armies at home to counter the threat. By defeating the Persian navy the Greeks hoped to end this amphibious threat and so allow their city armies to concentrate against the Persian army, rather than the cities being picked off one by one. The Persian navy also protected the supply fleet on which it's army depended as a poor country like Greece could not support it. The naval battle failed, so the Thermoplyae blocking position was to no avail. However a second naval battle at Salamis destroyed the Persian naval power. With the supply lines now exposed, and the Greek countryside unable to provide food during the upcoming winter, half the Persian army was sent home. With the amphibious threat gone, the following year (479 BCE) the Greek cities concentrated their armies at Plataia and defeated the remaining half of the Persian army and its Greek allies.
The war was between the Persian Empire and a confederation of independent Greek city-states 499-449 BCE. It took place in the Eastern Mediterranean littoral.
Herodotus.
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