The Viking prince Rurik established a Varangian presence in Novgorod around 862 AD. His successor, Oleg of Novgorod, moved the capital to Kiev sometime between 882 and 920, where it developed into the Kievan Rus region of Russian rule.
sargon
Pytheas
The first pharmacy dates back to the ancient Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations.
Cursus publicus - Public roads was the system of state run courier and transportation services of the Roman Empire first established by Emperor Augustus for the facilitation of state message exchange, transport of state officials and the collection of taxes and fund transfer. The system was dismantled by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian in the mid 6th century AD with the exception of the roads that led to the Persian borders.
Ivan the Terrible's nickname, "Terrible," comes from the Russian word "grozny," which can be translated as "awe-inspiring" or "formidable." He was the first Tsar of Russia and is known for his ruthless and autocratic rule, which included the establishment of a centralized government and a secret police. His reign was marked by extreme violence and repression, leading to the perception of him as a tyrant. Despite his brutal methods, he also made significant contributions to Russian culture and state formation.
Oleg
Oleg
Rus.
Rus
kiev
Kiev
keiv
Mongols
state
December of 1787
new york
paky