Greek nomads, having completely looted the area of mainland Greece, had to settle on the land and farm to get subsistence. The different tribes which took the limited farming areas between the mountains each set up a defensive fortress on a mountain which grew into a city, and so city-states were formed.
Being great breeders, they overpopulated their limited land an sent out the surplus people to seize new land and form new cities for themselves. This was first to the east around the Aegean Sea, but later spread to the west as far as Sicily, Italy, North Africa and Spain, all up about two thousand independent ciy-states.
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Why not? The insular city-states were a major component of ancient Greek culture, and the Greeks were also good with oar and sail. Why would they leave all those islands uninhabited? Greek city-states also popped up in eastern Turkey, southern Italy, and Syracuse (where Achimedes lived) on the island of Sicily was a city-state.
city states developed in ancient Greece because of the mountains. The mountains separated the people making it hard to communicate.
There are about four different seas not oceans around Greece. These seas are, the Aegean Sea, Sea of Crete, Mediterranean Sea, and the Ionian Sea. Visit the link below for an example of a map. http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/atlas/index.html?Parent=europe&Rootmap=greece&Mode=b
Sparta and Athens
Aegean Sea Culture
Aegean Sea.
Protect the Greek city-states around the Aegean Sea from Persian rule.