The Egyptians believed that when they died the God Anubis would weight their heart against the feather of truth to determine if they were worthy to go into the afterlife. If the heart was balanced they would go into the afterlife, if not the heart would be feed to Ammut, the devourer of the dead. The deseased would go no further.
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The egyptians thought the heart was used for thinking and was the most important organ in the body. It was the only organ which was not removed from mummies. They did not know what the brain was for. They thought it was useless, so it was taken away from mummies. They thought that only the heart was necesary for the afterlife.
They were called Canopic Jars~The god Duamutef guarded the stomachThe god Imsety guarded the liverThe god Hapi guarded the lungsThe god Qebehsenuef guarded the intestinesThe heart wasn't put in a Canopic Jar as it was to be weighed in order to go into the afterlife.
Dried Human remains and Burial Cloth (normally made from Hemp, Papyrus).
The earliest Canopic jars were simple, and carved from stone or formed with clay[pottery] with flat lids. In later periods the jars became more elaborate, and carved from either Calcite[Egyptian Alabaster] or Granite.The most common forms were 4 jars held within a chest, the chest also being carved from soft stone. These represent some of the most beautiful and elaborate artwork of Ancient Egypt.
The brain was removed through the nostrils with a hook. Through a cut on the left side of the abdomin all organs ,except the heart were removed. The eyes were removed and replaced with artificial ones.