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☆☆☆☆☆There were several ways that African American farmers were caught in a condition of debt peonage during the Reconstruction period following the US Civil Was.
African American farmers could not afford to buy land of their own, so they agreed to farm another's land in exchange for a share of the crops (sharecropping). However, many sharecroppers were forced to buy seeds, tools, and other supplies from the landowner's store. Sharecroppers were often illiterate and had to depend on the accounting of the landowner and his staff and were kept in debt. The landowners also miscalculated the value of the crop, thus making the sharecropper unable to pay their debts to the landowner, merchants, and compnay stores.
Another way was to use the "Black Codes" and arrest any black man who was out of a job (or between jobs) or arrest them on trumped up charges. A white employer would then pay off their debts of the court costs and fines if the black man would agree to work for the employer to pay off the debt. Paperwork would be lost and they were trapped in debt peonage.
They offered literacy courses to former slaves
All of the above
the freedman's bureau started them
Chloe Spear -Apex
