The Crusades were a profoundly impactful event from the Byzantine/Islamic World on Western Europe. In addition, Islamic Empires controlled parts of Iberia (Spain and Portugal) from 711 C.E. to 1492 C.E. These interactions between Eastern Culture and Western Culture were responsible for the massive shift in Europe back to Classical Culture in the Renaissance.
Not sure what you mean by "new." Historically, it would be Byzantium. The Byzantine or Eastern Roman Empire began with the Roman Emperor Constantine I in the 4th Century CE; as Western Europe was collapsing into the Dark Ages, he moved the (his new) Roman capitol to the location of Byzantium in Turkey; to become the great city of Constantinople (known today as Istanbul). It continued on as the premier power center of civilization & culture of the Eastern Mediterranean for about a 1000 years, until it was conquered by the Ottomans...
No one preserved these cultures. They were rediscovered in the Renaissance.
it preserved Roman laws and influenced legal systems of the Middle Ages.
culture of the eastern roman empire survived the fall of by still being used by the byzantine empire (but i cannot give specific culture dtails)
The Byzantine Empire preserved the cultural heritage of the two place Greece and Rome.
Much was preserved by the Islamic medieval Islamic scholars.
The Christian Church preserved much of the Roman legacy. The Byzantines preserved both Roman law as well as Greek culture. The Byzantine Empire was known as the "Shield of Europe", and protected Europe from barbaric invasion, as well as from the destruction of culture.
Museum of Byzantine Culture was created in 1993.
The teachings and practices of Orthodox Christianity were codified during the time of the Byzantine Empire. Greek-speaking teachers from the Byzantine Empire who traveled to Italy influenced the Italian Renaissance.
Justinian code :)
Russia
Justinian the Great was a Byzantine emperor. He wanted to revive the culture and power of the Byzantine Empire.
When the Roman Empire fell, the influence of Greek culture or Hellenism faded as well. The Romans had admired and supported Greek classicism and expressed it in their art, literature and architecture. After the empire's collapse, Greek Culture was preserved and kept safe for the future by the Byzantine Empire.
Greece
The Byzantine culture could be considered a combination of Greek and Roman culture.
India