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The last king was a tyrant. This led to a rebellion which overthrew him and did away with the monarchy. The republic was seen as a return to liberty and a measure to prevent the re-occurrence of tyranny was introduced. This was the creation of two annually elected consuls as heads of the city and the army. Having two men in charge meant that they would counterbalance each other. The short term of office was meant to prevent power becoming concentrated in the hands of one or a few men. The worst accusation against someone was that of trying to become a King. Two men were executed because of such accusation and one man who ordered one of the execution was seen as a hero of liberty.
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How was the Roman's attitude toward science different from Greeks?
the Romans took a practical approach, unlike greeks who studied the world just to know about it
What are the similarities and differences of the attitudes of Christianity and Islam toward merchants and trade from their origins until about 1500?
To Be Honest, Dont Have A Clue. Sorry, NEED SOME DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITES BEWTEEN ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY? [-Please help. :) ]
What does 'centripetal' mean?
This word means 'directed toward the center'.
How did that quality show in roman engineering architecture and philosopher?
The quality of Roman engineering was superb. The Romans are famous for their aqueducts, bridges and stone paved roads. The latter consisted of ditches dug to the rock bed, filled with rubble and gravel up to 1 metre from the surface and paved with rectangular or polygonal stone of lava slabs embedded in a layer of coarse concrete and a layer of fine concrete. The Romans effected what historians have called the Roman or concrete architectural revolution, which was based on the large scale use of concrete, the simple (barrel) arch and the vaulted arch (vault). They invented a type of concrete which was as strong as modern concrete and which also set underwater. It was less fluid than modern concrete and had to be layered by hand. It was cheaper than using stone to build walls and it could be layered by unskilled workers and much more quickly. It could be moulded into shapes by using formwork. The Romans were the first to fully appreciate the strong load bearing capacity of the arch and to make large and monumental ones to to use them expensively. The same applies to the vault, whose load bearing capacity is even stronger and whose structure is suited for large roofs. Arches and vaults were built mostly in concrete, even though the Romans still built masonry ones occasionally. The Romans built groin vaults, which consist of two barrel vaults intersected at right angles which create four curving surfaces that draw the eye up and toward the center. Thee three elements enabled the Romans to build very large buildings and to go beyond the post and lintel system of Greek architecture. The Romans also used the arch to build arched bridged which could be built much longer and could cross much wider rivers and valleys than before. In philosophy the Romans adopted the two main schools of Greek philosophy of their time: Stoicism and Epicureanism. Epicurean philosophers were Lucilius Balbus, Amafinius, Catius Rabirius, and Lucretius. Stoic philosophers were Cicero, Cato the Younger Seneca, Musonius Rufus, Annaeus Cornutus, and the emperor Marcus Aurelius. An important skepticist philosopher was Sextus Empiricus. Plutarch was a Platonist.
What ended the romantic era?
Realism ; the Age of Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution and the movement toward rationalization of thought -logic
