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It was Augustus. His original name was Gaius Octavius. It changed to Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus when he was adopted by Julius Caesar. After Caesar’s assassination he had himself called Gaius Julius Caesar Divi Filius (son of the divine Julius Caesar, Caesar was deified after his death) to strengthen his ties with Julius Caesar’s veteran troops. He changed his name again: Imperator Caesar Divi Filius. Then the senate gave his the honorary title of Augustus which comes from the verb augere (to augment) and meant ‘the illustrious one’ or ‘the venerable one’ and was a title of religious, rather than political authority. His full name became Imperator Caesar Divi Filus Augustus.

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11y ago
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11y ago

It is often said that Constantine the Great was the first Christian emperor. However, there is controversy as to whether the great was actually a Christian. His mother, Helena (or St Helena) was a Christian. Constantine supported Christianity. The Edict of Milan he issued with co-emperor Licinius in 313 reiterated the toleration of Christianity decreed by the Edict of toleration by (emperor) Galerius of 311 and ordered the return of property which had been confiscated during a recent persecution to the Christians. Constantine also built Christian churches, helped the church financially, granted privileges to the clergy and promoted Christians to high offices. He also arbitrated disputes between rival Christian doctrines to seek to establish a consensus and maintain social stability. He wanted to establish an orthodoxy when possible. He summoned the Council of Nicaea, the first ecumenical council and supported it resolutions. He confiscated the property and banned the priests of the Donatists, who were dissident Christians.

However, Constantine also patronised Roman paganism. The triumphal arch he built had images of the goddess Victoria and had noChristiansymbols. Sacrifices to Apollo, Diana and Hercules were held when the arch was inaugurated. When he was 49 he established the first day of the week as “the venerable day of the sun” and called it Sunday. He ordered that Christians and non-Christians should observe a sun-worship established as an official cult by Emperor Aurelian on that day. The cross appeared or the name of Christ appeared on one side of his coins, but on the other side there was the symbol of Sol Invictus (the sun god) or Mars Conversator. At the dedication of its new capital, Constantinople (in 337) he held the sun-rayed diadem of Apollo and no Christian symbols were used. Constantine also retained the title of pontifex maximus (the head of the Roman pagan religion) until his death.

It is said that Constantine converted to Christianity when he had a vision of the cross before a battle. However, it is not certain whether this was genuine. It was said that Constantine had himself baptized just before his death. Some historians doubt this.

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14y ago

Octavian Who later became known as Augustus. Octavian was the illegitmate son of Julius Ceaser.Julius Ceaser is often confused as first Emperor,but was in fact Dictator.

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13y ago

Constantine accepted Christ when he saw a "in this you will conquer" written on the Cross.

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16y ago

It was Philippus Arabus or Philip the Arab.

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12y ago

Who is the first emperor of rome to become christian

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15y ago

Constantius II who became emperor in A.D323, was the first Christian emperor of Rome

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15y ago

Constantine I.

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13y ago

Constantine

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What emperor converted to this new religion from rome?

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