A Vassal takes a pledge of loyalty to the lord
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Feudalism is simply the exchange of land (fief), between the nobles (lords) and the knights (vassals) for military protection.
It was in exchange for an oath of loyalty.
A lord provided a vassal with a fief-a piece of land, and in exchange the vassal plowed the land and took care of it, getting a portion of the agriculture for his and his own family´s support, and a place to live. So basically land to live in and own support in exchange for serving the Lord
A fief.
A vassal received land and protection in exchange for military support, and sworn loyalty and obedience. A serf received land to use and protection in exchange for part of the crop or rent. This situation was very similar to, but not identical to, the situation of a vassal. There was a lot of variation in local customs. There were a few places, for instance, where there were no serfs and all farmers were independent; some of these were in Scandinavia, and there were others in Switzerland and Scotland.