Augustus, through his minister, Maecenas, was the patron of many writers. The one piece of literature that he directly commissioned and is most famous for is the Aeneid written by the poet Virgil.
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Augustus was famous for many things. one of them was his defeating Marc Antony in the final civil war of the Roman Republic. With this victory he became the sole ruler od Rome and her conquered territories. He ended the Roman Republic, established his own absolute personal rule, became the first Roman Emperor and begun Rome's 503 years of rule by emperors. He is also was famous for promoting extensive public works programmes in the city of Rome and on his deathbed he said "I have found Rome a city of bricks and I left it a city of marble.' Augustus was also a patron of literature and presided over the Augustan age period of the Golden Age of Latin literature. The three canonical writers of Latin literature, Virgil, Horace and Ovid lived during Augustus' reign.
The imperial period of Roman literature (the Age of Augustus) is known as the "golden age" due to the patronage of the arts by the emperor. This period included works by the poets Vergil, Horace, and Ovid.
That's easy: Gaius Julius Caesar (known as Caesar), Caesar Augustus (known as Augustus - or Octavianus), Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (called Nero).
It wasn't Augustus Successor, it was Augustus Caesar. He was the nephew of Julius Caesar. Julius Caesar was a powerful man who was stabbed to death by his "friend" Brutus. After Julius died, Augustus was elected Emperor by the Senate. Augustus was a good leader compared to some other Emperors. One accually wanted his horse to be his general!
The Roman empire was an empire before Augustus. It was an empire under the republican form of government. In other words Rome was governed as a republic before Augustus. During and after Augustus the empire was governed by the principate form of government.