Pay Grade E-4 (enlisted 4), the lowest rank of a noncommissioned officer (NCO), the same as a corporal in the US Army or Marines. Just above Seaman and below Gunners Mate 2nd Class. Its a type of Petty Officer.
The Navy's system is a combination of "rating", (here Gunners Mate) and "rate" (here, Petty Officer 3rd Class) and they are combined into "Gunners Mate 3rd".
Petty Officers in the Navy have specialized training, and there are a large number of rates, each with its own special insignia.
All Petty Officers wear a sleeve insignia showing their rating and rate. At the top is an eagle, above the insignia of their specialty - for a gunners mate, two crossed cannon. Below that are upside down chevrons (compared to the way an army or marine sergeant wears his). One chevron below is 3rd class, two is second, petty officer first class.
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In World War I, the rank of S2 (or Seaman Second Class) in the United States Naval Reserve Force (USNRF) was an entry-level rank for enlisted personnel. It was equivalent to the rank of Private in the Army and was one rank above Seaman Third Class (S3). Sailors at the S2 rank were typically responsible for basic duties aboard naval vessels and in support roles as needed.
On January 8, 1942, Technician Third Class (T/3), Technician Fourth Class (T/4), and Technician Fifth Class (T/5) were added to the rank insignia. On September 4, 1942, a "T" was added to the standard chevron design that corresponded with that grade. A technician was not addressed as one such, but rather as the neighboring rank in its pay grade (T/5 as Corporal; T/4 as Sergeant; T/3 as Staff Sergeant). A technician did not have the authority to give commands or issue orders. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_enlisted_rank_insignia_of_World_War_II
"Tech" SGT (Technical Sergeant).Tech 4 Class had 3 stripes similar to Sergeant rank but had a "T" under the stripes. The "T" indicated a rank based upon sepciality training and did not carry the command responsiblity.There were also a Tech 5 Class(2 stripes) and a Tech 3 Class (4 stripes).A Technical Sergeant was a rank with 5 stripes and without a "T".Link: http://www.tioh.hqda.pentagon.mil/rank_page/history_of_enlisted_ranks.htm
PHM3 in the US Navy during WW II means that a sailor is a Pharmacists Mate 3rd Class. Enlisted Grade of 4. This rate and rank usually served as a Medic. Some in hospitals, some aboard ships and some attached to Marine Infantry units.
Most generals wore a double-breasted tunic or a long frock coat. Their uniform was dark blue and usually had their rank worn on their epaulets. The Confederate officers wore their rank embroidered on their sleeve and on their collar.