I dont think that it really did. Although the U.S. was involved with the Versailles treaty and the war it wasn't until WWII that the U.S. became a 'superpower'. Look at the size of the US military..we were still rather small at this point.
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U.S, & Russia.
USA
Become an ally of the soviet union-----APEX
The USA and Russia were the two main superpowers (although Russia did not have much of a Navy at the end of the war, it was mainly a air and land based superpower). England was still a superpower, but, it was in decline and many of it's colonies would soon get their freedom. France, mostly conquered by Germany, was not a superpower, although it continued to act as though it were, and it lost most of it's colonies after the war as well.
The U.S. economy had not been destroyed by fighting during WW2.