Approach ops (Air Ops) are the maneuvers that aircraft (attack/fighters or support) execute to get aboard the carrier (trap). Since the flight deck is not very large, the aircraft must be stopped catching a wire stretched across the deck with a sturdy hook attached to the plane.
They follow a very standardized pattern around the carrier, day or night, good or bad weather, clear or no visibility.
It is considered the most difficult and dangerous thing there exists in aviation.
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Carrier fighter vs carrier fighter. Aircraft carrier duels. Carrier planes (naval aircraft) have folding wings/or wing-tips for shipboard operations.
It wasn't an aircraft carrier, but a battleship. The battleship used was the USS Missouri.
The current generation USS Nimitz supercarriers (the largest ever built) require a crew of about 3200 sailors, and an aircrew of about 2500. The next-generation Ford-class supercarriers reduce this number through automation by almost 20%, to roughly 4700 crew total. For comparison, the prototypical WW2 aircraft carrier, the USS Essex class, had a total crew of 2600.
The British ship HMS Hermes was the first ship designed and built as an aircraft carrier. She was commissioned in 1924. The Japanese ship Hosho was the first converted aircraft carrier in 1922.
The Battle of Midway was fought entirely at sea by aircraft from Japan's aircraft carrier forces, the United States Navy aircraft carrier forces, and land-based aircraft from Midway.