A pitched battle is when the combatants are completely and intensely engaged. Guerilla warfare is hit and run, commonly with small units.
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And quick answer is that the "battle plan" is the end result, the product, of planning for a battle.
A primary source would be from someone who was actually at the battle, while a secondary source would be from someone who had heard about the battle or wrote about it, but wasn't actually at the battle.
In the past, a battle was the actual fighting, whereas a siege was an attempt by an attacking force to destroy a large fortification like a castle. Sieges were generally a very protracted event that could take years.
battle of mufreesbro