The North had a much bigger population from which to recruit armies, nearly all the industrial manufacturing facilities, and a far more capable President.
The South was prevented by the blockade from exporting its cotton in exchange for war supplies, and Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation prevented Britain and France from helping the South because it would make them look pro-slavery themselves.
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Military forces commanded by Custer were destroyed.
The popular support for Cold War theories was weakened by the outcome of the Vietnam war. It had also weakened the moral of the US military.
Japan came into direct conflict with the United States.
Japan came into direct conflict with the United States.
Sherman carried credibility with Grant, tested under fire, and was a trusted friend.