Federalism. Strong cental government once and for all exercising its abilities to make states conform to a centralized interpretation of the constitution. (Actually historically more important then ending slavery which, even Lincoln believed, would have died as an institution itself given time). Up until the Civil War, self determination of the states was more important than a strong central government. Many times during the 20th century the federal government was able to induce states to change inherently unjust situations by the force of the strong federal government(and the National Guard). This is most seen during the civil rights movement. That would have been unheard of prior to the Civil War.
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The Civil was laid the foundation for modern America, guaranteeing the Union's permanence, destroying slavery, and shifting power in the nation from the South to the North (and more specifically, from slave owning planters to Northern capitalists). It dramatically increased the power in the federal government and accelerated the modernization of the northern economy. And it placed on the postwar agenda the challenge of defining and protecting African-American freedom.
Clearly the results of the war were long lasting. One element was that the "Solid South " was created. Until the 1980's the deep southern states voted for Democrats almost always.Another long lasting effect was that in 1900, the Southern economy was still only 70% of its former self in 1860. This economic result hurt Blacks as well as Whites.
The Civil War freed the slaves and also brought the nation closer together. Before the Civil War people would say, "The United States are..." instead of, "The United States is..."
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US Civil War 1861-1865.
The US Civil War was an un-declared war.
The US military draft began in the US Civil War (1861-1865).
Russia was not involved in the US Civil War. A civil war is defined as a war fought between groups which are all from one country.