It was many things, many believe the invention of the tank was one reason, since it was able to break the trench warfare and flatten barbed wire to allow troops through to the enemy trenches, what really stopped the war was Germany's fear of being invaded and claimed by the allies, which happened in WW2, so the Germans called for the end of the war and retreated their forces back to their borders, they signed the armistice with the US and that finished the war.
the weapon that really won the war was fear and terror, of the thought of Germany becoming history.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_war_1#End_of_war
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U-boats.
The machine gun changed warfare
The most common one that was used as a weapon in World War 1 is called the Artillery
Yes , the uniforms had changed from world war to world war such as the field uniform of those who served in the first world war went from khaki colored to that of olive drab , the helmets changed shapes , field packs changed , dress uniforms changed , etc ... ~ see link below .
Poison Gas.