First, the Battle of Bull Run in July 1861 - a premature attempt to march on the Confederate capital, when neither side was ready for operations.
Second, the Peninsula campaign, April 1862 - McClellan threatening Richmond with a big army arriving by sea. McClellan turned out to be all talk, no action.
Third, Halleck's plan for McClellan and Pope to join forces, and overwhelm Lee through sheer numbers (August 1862). The unbeatable Lee-Jackson partnership saw them off.
Fourth, the newly-appointed Burnside trying to dislodge the Confederates from the high ground at Fredersicksburg (December 1862). A good plan that suffered from delays, to which Burnside was not agile enough to react.
Fifth, another attempt by the same army, now under Hooker, to destroy Lee, resulting in a devastating defeat at Chancellorsville.
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to capture Richmond the confederate capital
To capture Richmond, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
The Confederate capital, Richmond was captured after the Battle of Five Forks, which forced Lee to evacuate it and Petersburg as well.
The Union Army captured Richmond in 1865, which was the capital of the Confederate States of America. Shortly after that Robert E. Lee surrendered.
To fight the Confederacy's Army of Northern Virginia throughout the American civil war In addition, it attempted several times to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond.