It was on June 20, 1963 that the 'hotline' between the United States and the Soviet Union was established. It linked the Pentagon and the Kremlin.
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The 'hot line,' a phone between the US and USSR, was installed because during the war communication was important to avoid nuclear war. The 'hot line' ensured neither country would misunderstand a message.
These are the areas where the two blocs i.e. USSR and USA were in direct conflict but it did not result in 'hot' war or 'shooting war.
There are numerous culprits here. The US and USSR attempted to influence the oil producing nations. The conflicts involving Israel brought the risk of a hot war involving the super powers close.
It is a period post WWII in which the United States and the CCCP (USSR) were in a large-scale arms race similar to the likeness which led to WWI. The US and USSR in-directly fought each other which gives the name "Cold" in that neither actually experienced full out war between each other. The two mainly participated in several hot wars in which they aided nations which fought against each other. Despite the fact that soviet pilots flew for foreigh nations against US pilots, the two countries never officially delcared war.
The US was distrustful of the USSR and their leader Josef Stalin after the war because he refused to allow certain agreementsto be carried out. While there is considerable disagreement over who is at fault, even to this day, their is no question that President Franklin D. Roosevelt felt he had a different understanding of what the USSR would live up to than did the USSR at the end of the war in Europe, in April, 1945. For example, the US had thought Poland was to have free elections, but the USSR refused to allow this. As a result of this and many other disagreements involving many of the eastern Euroopean countries (Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Germany...which was split into East and West Germany, Czechoslovakia and others)...the US and USSR entered into what became known as the Cold War. Meaning it was a war of words and not weapons...so cold not hot.