Point 593 was a prominent peak just above Monte Cassino on the same ridge.
This ridge was called Snakeshead Ridge. It was in the shape roughly of a boomerang and jutted out towards the north east from the monastery. In the bend or elbow of the ridge was the rocky outcrop called point 593 (593 metres above sea level). Point 593 was scene of some of the heaviest fighting of the cassino campaign with units such as US 144 infantry, 1st Bn Royal Sussex and The Gurkhas all trying to take it and finally the Polish Karpathian Division taking it from the Germans. The Polish Cassino War Cemetery is now situated on the crest of Snakeshead Ridge at the foot of Point 593 and between it and the monastery. The memorial to the Karpathian Division is at the north eastern base of Point 593.
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The Battle of Monte Cassino
Answer at your question you can find (at least partialy) in History chanel documentary Lost evidence: Battle of Monte Cassino. There is a link for a part one on YouTube: http://pl.youtube.com/watch?v=UDmBBx94Pmg
The Battle of Monte Cassino (yes that is the correct spelling) was fought 17 January 1944-18 May 1944. See related link for any more information you may need regarding this battle.
The Red Poppies on Monte Cassino was created in 1944.
No. The Battle of Midway was considered a turning point in the battle against the Japanese.