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The Montgolfier brothers, Joseph and Etienne, are credited with the first hot air balloon flights, and the first human piloted flight.
Their unmanned sackcloth balloon first flew at Annonay, France, on June 4, 1783. The first flight with living things was made in a scaled-up version called 'Aerostat Reveillon' (named for the wallpaper maker who supplied the taffeta used for the balloon). It flew at Versailles on September 19, 1783, carrying a sheep, a rooster, and a duck. (Only the duck would have ordinarily flown that high in the air.) After the successful return of the animals to the ground, the brothers built an even larger balloon to hold people. Etienne made a tethered flight in that balloon on or about October 15, 1783, becoming the first hot-air balloonist.
The first free flight by humans (in the larger Montgolfier balloon) was in Paris by physics teacher Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and marquis François Laurent d'Arlandes, a French army officer, on November 21, 1783. Their flight lasted about 25 minutes and they traveled about 9 kilometers at an altitude of 3000 feet.
The first rubber balloon was made by Professor Michael Faraday in 1824 for the use in his experiments with hydrogen at the Royal Institution in London.
Amelia Earhart
observation balloon
The first atomic bomb was made in 1945, the first hydrogen bomb was made in 1952.
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The first Helicopter was made by Igor Sikorsky, in 1939.